“Arirang” is a folk song that has been cherished for centuries, showcasing an emotional narrative that resonates deeply within Korean culture. With hundreds, if not thousands, of variations, the song reflects the pain of two lovers who are forced apart, a feeling that has become even more poignant in the context of Korea’s tumultuous history. Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, as conflicts and colonialism tore at the fabric of Korean society, “Arirang” transformed into an anthem of longing and sorrow. The division of Korea following World War II further solidified its significance, encapsulating the heartache of separation that so many families experienced across the divided peninsula.
The colonial period in the early 20th century saw Japan impose severe restrictions on Korean culture, including the prohibition of the national anthem. In this context, singing “Arirang” became a subtle yet powerful act of resistance. The song’s enduring legacy is a testament to the resilience and spirit of the Korean people, reflected in contemporary renditions and performances. The global success of K-Pop groups like BTS demonstrates this cultural connection, as they continue to honor and express the importance of unity and heritage through their music.
The lyrics of a popular version of “Arirang,” translated into English, convey profound sentiment:
Arirang, arirang, arariyo.
You are going over Arirang Hill.
My love, if you abandon me
Your feet will be sore before you go ten ri*.
Just as there are many stars in the clear sky,
There are also many dreams in our heart.
There, over there, that mountain is Baekdu Mountain,
Where, even in the middle of winter, flowers bloom.
* A ri is an Asian unit of measure equal to about 3.93 kilometers.
In recent times, BTS has collaborated on a teaser video that brings forward some critical societal issues as cultural intersections become more prominent. With a focus on Howard University—a cornerstone of higher education for Black students—the video emphasizes its influential role in shaping future leaders. However, it’s important to note some inaccuracies in the representation of the university’s history, especially concerning its predominantly Black student body. The iconic Founders Library, highlighted in the video, had not yet been constructed during the period shown, and the audience depicted lacked the diversity that is a hallmark of Howard’s rich history.
Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) like Howard have long been recognized for their commitment to providing educational opportunities for students of all backgrounds. While they play a vital role in nurturing the achievements of Black scholars, they also welcome a diverse range of students, including those from Asian, Hispanic, and other cultural backgrounds. In fact, many universities at the time were not as inclusive as Howard, which welcomed international students as early as the late 19th century. This tradition of inclusivity contributes to a vibrant academic community where multiple cultures coexist and thrive.
“Howard’s legacy has always been one of open arms, welcoming people from every corner of the globe,” says Benjamin Talton, Ph.D., executive director of the Moorland-Spingarn Research Center. “Its spirit of internationalism is reflected in moments like 1896, when seven Korean students found a home here. This enduring tradition affirms that both Howard and Black America stand as among the world’s most inclusive, accommodating, and accepting communities.”
When examining the cultural landscape, it’s evident that K-Pop draws inspiration from multiple genres, particularly from the rich tapestry of Black music. Groups in the K-Pop industry have adopted the performance models that defined American Boy Bands of the 80s and 90s, echoing influences from the likes of New Edition, Backstreet Boys, and NSYNC. This influence harkens back even further to the Motown era, with legendary groups like the Jackson Five setting precedents that continue to shape contemporary music.
This cultural exchange, however, is not without complexity. The conversation around cultural appropriation has emerged as K-Pop gains worldwide popularity. While Korean artists often face scrutiny for adopting elements of Black culture, it underscores a deeper issue: the commodification of cultural expression without acknowledgment of its origins and significance. When art is stripped of its historical context and transformed into mere entertainment, it risks trivializing the very essence from which it originates.
Cultural appropriation is a recurring theme throughout American history, often to the detriment of Black artists. Figures like Al Jolson, who infamously performed in blackface, highlighted the exploitation and commercialization of Black culture. Furthermore, during the 50s and 60s, it was not uncommon for white artists to cover songs by Motown performers, receiving widespread acclaim while original creators remained in the shadows. This pattern shows a clear disregard for the acknowledgment of Black artistry, resonating profoundly within discussions of cultural representation in today’s world.
Howard University stands as a unique case, embodying a blend of cultural respect and academic excellence. The university’s commitment to diversity is evident, with programs that encourage students to explore global cultures while still recognizing their roots. In fact, Howard’s Department of World Languages and Cultures is among its largest academic units, and this semester, twelve students are studying abroad in South Korea. Furthermore, the university boasts a successful K-Pop dance team, which showcases the intersection of cultural expressions through dance and performance.
Founded in 2022 by Kristen McDaniels (B.S. ’25), “One of a Kind” (1OAK) is the first K-Pop dance team at an HBCU, initiated by members of Howard’s Korean Culture Club. This initiative provides a platform for creativity and cross-cultural engagement, gaining national recognition by winning competitions and performing at various prestigious venues. The team’s mission is to “enlighten and empower Howard University students as they perfect Korean pop choreography,” fostering an environment that honors both Black and Korean cultural influences.
